Category: Insight

Introduction Tiredness and chronic fatigue, loss of strength, cramps, fibromyalgia, arrhythmias, poor digestion and gastric emptying, alternating bowel pattern, mood disorders, irritability and “functional bipolar disorder” are some of the medically-unexplained symptoms (MUS) that our body can show when the transmission of nervous impulses is altered due to ionic concentration changes. In particular, potassium and…

Sleep is an unavoidable need of every individual, so much so that sleep deprivation alters biological rhythms. Based on several studies, it seems that it serves to restore the brain since the cortex is the only organ that can rest only during sleep. The causes of sleep disorders are varied and include: psychosocial stress, psychiatric disorders…

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA, see RSA Training – Biotekna Plus) is the heart rate variability synching with breathing such that the “pulse-to-pulse” interval on the PPG tracing shortens when breathing in and lengthens when breathing out.It has been seen that RSA is a physiological phenomenon reflecting qualitative cardio-respiratory-circulatory interactions.Recent studies have…

Albumin is an important protein for body homeostasis. It is produced by the liver and then released into the bloodstream. It is also present in egg albumen, after which it is named. Blood albumin concentration typically ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 g/dL and accounts for approximately 60% of all plasma proteins.Albumin is the single most…

Measurement of IMAT as a predictor of outcome in patients with COVID-19 Obesity is a strong risk factor for negative outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and fat distribution and amount of muscle mass are much more accurate risk factors than simply measuring fat mass or BMI. Recent studies have shown that body composition measurements…

On January 14, 2022, an important research was published that has allowed to objectively and instrumentally evaluate stress, chronic inflammation and their relationship with MUS (Medically Unexplained Symptoms): a whole series of persistent psychophysical disorders, including pain and discomfort. This research was conducted by using BioTekna non-invasive and rapid technologies (PPG Stress Flow® and BIA-ACC®)…

HPA axis stress and chronic inflammation Vague and non-specific symptoms (Medically Unexplained Symptoms, MUS) In most of the examinations carried out at General Medicine outpatient clinics, physicians focus their attention on overt clinical data, characterized by clearly recognizable symptoms. Other symptoms, which could be defined as vague, such as chronic fatigue, sleep or appetite disorders,…

Changes in body composition respond, more or less rapidly, to what we eat and the exercise we do but not only to this. Loss of skeletal muscle (S-Score, Skeletal Muscle – BIA-ACC), increase in ectopic adipose tissue (IMAT – BIA-ACC), increase in Medically Unexplained Symptoms (MUS) and repeated clinical signs that in most cases result…

The immune system is a complex and powerful defense mechanism.Its main function is to defend the body against pathogens, i.e. organisms (such as viruses and bacteria) that cause disease.A complex and intricate network of tissues, cells and proteins work together to perform this function.In the scientific literature there are extensive studies that show how diseases,…

A variety of factors determine skeletal muscle fatigue and impact exercise performance. These factors imply a complex interaction between central and peripheral components. Still, peripheral fatigue often correlates to overaccumulation of metabolites such as hydrogen (H+) ions, potassium (K+) ions and phosphate (Pi+) ions as well as, obviously, energy source availability. Many studies suggest that exercise-induced acidosis…