Category: Insight

Persistent activation of the HPA axis and presence of MUS Circadian rhythm of the HPA axis and stress factors In principle, the physiological circadian rhythm of the HPA axis is regulated at the level of the hypothalamus [7], specifically by the region of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), located immediately above the optic chiasm and connected…

There are 3 different types of fat or adipose tissue: WAT (white adipose tissue), BAT (brown adipose tissue) and beige. White adipose tissue (WAT) is not only an energy reservoir but, being a highly active endocrine organ, it is closely related to obesity, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, altered lipid profiles, blood glucose levels and subsequent insulin…

Introduction The combination of dietary excesses and sedentary lifestyle promotes weight gain and obesity, with all the consequences that derive from them. In the ongoing fight against obesity and related disorders, several strategies have proven successful in activating the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the energy expenditure of the whole body (EE24h) through…

Non-volatile Acidosis, Volatile Acidosis and Buffer Systems Introduction The metabolic processes that occur within our body lead to constant pH changes through a continuous succession of intake-elimination of “acids” and “bases” that alter the concentration of the hydrogen ion (H +), thus changing the pH of the body that must cope with these variations and…

What it causes, what triggers it, how to monitor it and how to recover from it Inflammation is a normal defence mechanism that protects the body from various insults and pathogens, as well as the tissue repair processes, and helps restore the physiology of infected or damaged sites. It is a mechanism, characterised by redness,…

In winter we struggle to drink, because we rarely feel thirst. We know that our body water is still expelled through breathing, sweating and urine: but precisely because the perception of thirst is lowered, the risk of dehydration may increase. Symptoms of mild dehydration are very common: drowsiness, fatigue, dry skin, headache, constipation and dizziness.…